Land pollution is basically about the contamination of the surface of the Earth through urban waste dumped indiscriminately, dumping of industrial waste, mineral exploitation and misuse of land by harmful agricultural practices. Land pollution includes visible waste and debris, along with the land itself is being polluted. The soil is contaminated by the chemicals in pesticides and herbicides used for agricultural purposes along with the waste that is populated urban areas such as roads, parks and streets.

Soil contamination is the addition of undesirable matter to the soil organisms that damage land, reduce land use by man for agricultural, residential, recreational or other benefits or increase the risk of hazards to human health .

Construction consumed forests. More construction means increased demand for raw materials like wood. This leads to the exploitation and destruction of forests. There is more demand for water. Dams are constructed leading to the loss of land. exterminating wildlife, acid rain kills trees and other plants.

vegetation that provides food and shelter is destroyed.it can seriously disrupt the balance of nature, and in extreme cases can kill people .

Pesticides can damage crops, kill vegetation and poison birds, animals and fish. Most pesticides kill or ways of life, damage than expected. For example, pesticides used in an effort to control or destroy undesirable vegetation and insects often destroy birds and small animals. Some life forms develop immunity to pesticides used to destroy .

The effects of pollution on earth are not limited to terrestrial ecosystems, because synthetic chemicals are not degraded by the normal processes of life. From there, the pollution that can travel through the roots of the plants in any herbivore that consumes the plant and so on, until it reaches to the highest organisms in the food chain: human beings .

Soil contamination has been found as one of the leading causes of birth defects. Pregnant women living in unhealthy and unclean environment can be incurred in breathing problems and a number of diseases that can affect the baby's health and .
 Soil contamination is a serious effect on wildlife. Flora, which provides food and shelter for wildlife, are destroyed. Soil contamination often upsets the balance of nature, killing people

Part II of the Environmental Protection Act 1990, inserted by section 57 of the Environment Act 1995 establishes the obligation of local authorities to inspect the area of contaminated soils. Section 78A (2) defines contaminated land for the purpose of Part II as: "All the land that appears to the local authority in whose area is situated to be in such condition by reason of substances in, on or under the earth, that–

(a) Significant harm is being caused or there is a significant possibility of such harm being caused, or

(b) The water pollution is being controlled, or is likely to cause " This land may be polluted but unless a significant risk to a recipient as a human being or an aquifer used to supply water from the mere presence of a former contaminative use does not require immediate action by the local authority. The Authority has a database of historic sites in the district and is in the process of reviewing all the sites in a specific site. Also, information from the developers through the planning and development process is added to the database.